Different Representations Of Oikos In The Odyssey

The household is an important concept in the context of Ancient Greece as it relates to the physical home, the land, and the family who support the master of the house. This essay will discuss the different representations of oikos (the household) in Homer’s Odyssey as well as discuss the differing representation of oikos in Aeschylus’ play Agamemnon. Marilyn Katz’s essay Penelope’s Renown: Meaning and Indeterminacy in the Odyssey will be looked at to highlight key points about the household. The oikos in the Odyssey will be considered with its relationships between the polis (city-state) and the characters who are connected to the household. To evaluate the significance of the oikos, the characters Penelope, Odysseus, and Clytemnestra†¦show more content†¦Furthermore, Penelope is an important character as her identity â€Å"functions as a stable and unchanging reference point for the adventures of Odysseus† (Katz, 6). As Katz explains, Ody sseus’ travels are interwoven with his lust for home and his desire to be with his wife again. As well, her identity becomes a parallel to Odysseus’ identity through her use of polutropus (tricks and turns). She proves, by the end of the poem, that she is the perfect match for Odysseus as both of them share the same skills with rhetoric and language to get what they want. Their like-mindedness is evident during the recognition scene between the two. Penelope tests Odysseus’ knowledge of their marital bed - before blindly trusting his claim of identity - by asking the slaves to move their immovable bed: â€Å"[putting] her husband to the proof-but Odysseus/ blazed in fury, lashed out at his loyal wife† (Homer, 23.203-204). In his angry response to Penelope’s test, Odysseus proves his identity to his wife as he explains why the bed cannot move. When she hears their familiar story of the creation of their bed, - which only the two and a slave know abo ut - Penelope submits to her long-lost husband in an emotional reunion. Her caution, before accepting Odysseus’ claim, shows the wary protectionism stance that she had to adopt while her husband was gone so she could protect the kingdom from the suitors.Show MoreRelatedThe Greeks Used Hesiod s Theogony And Various Heroes Myths2040 Words   |  9 Pagesobligation, it seems, to oppose this notion of myth, and thus the Pre-Socratics sought to articulate new definitions of truth, being, and reality. There seems to be a real continuity between the earliest of philosophical thinking, and religious representation. In recording the Theogony, Hesiod exposed his society with ideas of ‘Gods’, ‘destiny’, ‘laws’ and the ‘soul’. This enforced the new mode of thinking which preferred fundamental abstractions of things. like ‘matter’, ‘elements’, and ‘cause’. Read More Importance of the Telemachy in Developing Major Themes of Odyssey3687 Words   |  15 PagesThe Importance of the Telemachy in Developing Major Themes of Odyssey      Ã‚  Ã‚   As we begin to read the Odyssey, one of the surprising facts is that we do not meet the famed hero until we are well into Book V, on Calypsos island of Ogygia. However, during these introductory four books, we learn of the situation in Ithaca, Odysseus plight, some of the most important themes of the story and of course Odysseus son Telemachus. Homer keeps us in suspense, building the reputation of Odysseus by theRead MoreWomen in Greece2882 Words   |  12 Pagesdecision for them in the best interest of the males and the family. Knowing what we do about women during this time in Greece, I’m going to use Homer’s epic the Odyssey to evaluate whether the way women were depicted in the literature is an accurate representation of the lives of women in this time. Homer is the composer of the Iliad and the Odyssey, he was viewed as the greatest poet, and his work influenced many poets after him. It is likely that Homer learned the poems from generations before him,

Student Athletes And The National Collegiate Athletics...

Over 460,000 college students participate in the National Collegiate Athletics Association (NCAA) in the United States but research on the cohort is quantitatively and qualitatively unsupportive of athletes on and off the field. Athletes make up a particularly stimulating population for mental health professionals as athletes and their teams operate within their own culture and systems allowing for mental health professionals to expand their innovative skills to deal with the multidimensional realm of â€Å"no pain, no gain†. There is stereotype threat that follows athletes, the idea that athletes are less motivated in the classroom and over privileged in comparison to their student peers. In turn, peers and professors alike create their own biases towards or against the benefit of the student athlete; not allowing make up assignments for class time missed due to collegiate athletic events or, on the other end of the spectrum, giving preferential treatment to athletes (in turn perpetuating the negative stereotype). Although research indicates this threat to be strong, research also indicates that the stereotype is seemingly unfounded. Student athletes are recruited into university less academically prepared and must devote upwards of 20 hours a week to their sport while the graduation rate for student athletes (51%) is virtually equal to that of non-student athletes (52%). (Fletcher) Intercollegiate athletic departments provide services for student athletes to better assimilateShow MoreRelatedStudent Athlete And The National Collegiate Athletic Association Essay2749 Words   |  11 Pagesterm â€Å"student-athlete,† coined by Walter Byers and the National Collegiate Athletic Association, has been frequently mentioned and used in intense arguments between the NCAA and former and current students (Nocera, 1). Today’s student-athletes are expected to be students first and athletes second, but when these athletes are forced to undergo countless hours of preparation for the big lights on Saturday in order to retain their scholarships, they often must ignore their studies. These athletes do notRead MoreShould College Athletes Be Paid? Essay1603 Words   |  7 Pagesdebate on whether college athletes should be paid to play is a sensitive controversy, with strong support on both sides. College athletics have been around for a long time and always been wor th a good amount of money. This billion dollar industry continues to grow in popularity and net worth, while they continue to see more and more money come in. The student-athletes who they are making the money off of see absolutely none of this income. It is time that the student-athletes start to see some of thisRead MoreShould College Athletes Be Paid?1553 Words   |  7 PagesCollege Athletes Be Paid? Collegiate sports have turned into a billion dollar industry and are probably just as popular, if not more popular than professional sports. College athletes put their bodies on the line to play a sport they love, many with hopes and dreams to one day make it to the professional leagues. Athletic facilities are the major money makers for all universities. Colleges bring in billions of dollars in revenue annually, yet athletes do not get paid. Some fans believe athletes shouldRead MoreThe Ethical Consideration Of The Ncaa1153 Words   |  5 Pagesyears, collegiate athletics has evolved from the original spectrum of rivalry competition into a business model that focuses on branding and expanding markets. According to Stephanie Harrison-Dyer (2011), â€Å"Sport is too much a game to be business and too much a business to be a game† (p. 1). Although competitive sport has contributed remarkably to human culture, the increased popularity of sport and sport enthusiasts has genera ted a greater concern for moral and ethical conduct among athletes (Harrison-DyerRead MoreStudent Athletes : Is A Scholarship Enough?1638 Words   |  7 PagesStudent-Athletes: Is a Scholarship Enough? Have you noticed that when you turn on your television during the fall on Saturday afternoon that there is a college football game on about 15 different channels? The popularity of college sports, especially football and basketball, have skyrocketed. During the last decade, college athletics have seen a tremendous increase in revenues from licensing and television revenue. For example, in 2014 CBS paid 800 million dollars for the rights to broadcastRead MoreCollege Athletes1141 Words   |  5 Pagesto the National Collegiate Athletic Association, 480,000 college students were recruited to continue their education while playing the sports they love (â€Å"NCAA Recruiting Facts†). Several Americans question the lack of income for collegiate athletes, including college athletes that find themselves battling for a share of the NCAA’s profits in courtrooms. The last reported revenue of the National Collegiate Athletic Association from 2011-2012 was $871,600,000 (â€Å"N CAA Benefits to College Student-Athletes†)Read MoreCollege Athletes Should Receive A Paycheck1474 Words   |  6 PagesThe National Collegiate Athletic Association is a â€Å"membership-driven organization dedicated to safeguarding the well-being of student-athletes and equipping them with the skills to succeed on the playing field, in the classroom and throughout life† (NCAA.org). In the past few years, there has been a lot of controversy over whether or not college athletes should receive a paycheck to play their sports. College athletes should receive a paycheck because the scholarships that are offered to them justRead MoreThe National Collegiate Athletic Association1589 Words   |  7 PagesThe National Collegiate Athletic Association is a member-led organization that regulates the athletes of over 1,200 universities, conferences and organizations. The NCAA prides itself on dedicating themselves to the wellbeing and lifelong success of college athletes, believing and committing to core values and beliefs (NCAA). The NCAA’s main and most important task is to make sure that all students and institutions adhere to the extensive rules and regulations that the Association has created (Andrews)Read MoreShould College Athletes Be Paid?951 Words   |  4 Pages Compensating Student Athletes Although the, debate continues to be unsettled about paying student athletes. College sports players gain so much revenue which, as resulted from the (NCAA) National Collegiate Athletic Association. Due to, this situation rising over the few past decades. Participating colleges have caused such debate in whether college athletes should be compensated. Actors, actresses these people can sign things and get paid for it. How come this kid can t? How come aRead MoreShould College Athletes Be Paid?1435 Words   |  6 Pagescollege athletes should be paid. It has been known that the fewer scholarships given to student-athletes increase their competiveness on the field, which shows us that keeping money away from student-athletes makes them more competitive (Baird 2). There is also a case that student-athletes are being robbed because they are not receiving compensation for their own likeness (Holthaugh JR. 1). Television networks are paying millions for the rights to show big games on TV, which shows us that student-athletes

Technology and Modern Age Free Essays

Sunday for me is the gloomiest part of the week. I always feel I am missing about an hour of sleep and still, somewhere in my sub consciousness. I have to face the dilemma of what to do for the coming hours as well. We will write a custom essay sample on Technology and Modern Age or any similar topic only for you Order Now Being at the transitional state of dream and reality, it would help me to be more creative if the selection of activities is less limited. The option includes the way the Modern Age generate happiness and the Purposeful Leisure. One of the most popular is the way done by the Modern Age since it gives us a wide selection and various inventions to choose from. For people with a gaming instinct, the choice is plentiful. For instance Computer Games develop by every generation have conquer the minds of teenagers. An example is a Warcraft Game made by Icefrog, consisting of different characters possessing skills and can be strengthen by the use of magical things. Computers now are very innovative that its content is advance and unique. It can finish a pile of works in an hour without numerous errors, unlike the past years which requires a lot of effort to have your projects and assignments be done. For a person who’s up for fighting, Arcade Games were made to make them feel as they were the warrior fighting for a prize. Arcade Games are commonly made as survival test; it may be a survival from Zombies, Militaries, Dinosaurs and many more. For lame people who still find time to play, PSP is very suitable, since it is not as big as Computers and Arcade machines. PSP can be downloaded with different games and can be played wherever you are. Another option that might satisfy one’s boredom is PURPOSEFUL LEISURE perhaps not as popular as MODERN AGE way but just as fun to do; this activity does not fall in the â€Å"killing time† category. It does however, command the respect of other activity, it is healthy and known to lower the calories level. Going out to make window shopping is much interesting than spending your money on repeat gaming. Having a youth camp on mountains or just simply playing Local games gives us the simplest and cheapest way of having fun. As I think of the two options, I guess Sunday’s of mine must be spending wisely. I may not like the Purposeful Leisure since it doesn’t have much excitement, but I know that it will make me healthy. I may love the Modern Age since it gives me new challenges but I will still prevent myself from getting addicted to it since it weakens the body’s immune system. On the year 1994, Modern Age has begun, Innovations and various inventions started to create names in public. Science and Technology has made a long way on the society. Even adults are engaged to the technological advancement. Changes are so fast and all of us need to adapt quickly. Using Technologies is very efficient. We don’t have to spend a lot of money and we don’t need to give a lot of power to finish a work. On the other hand, it is not difficult for some of us to be amused, even you are at home or on the middle of a vacation trip, you can still find time to relax by just moving your hands and by the focus of your eyes and mind. Despite the numerous values of technology, many oppose scientific process on ethical grounds. The researchers in the field of newly inventions face scrutiny from many advocacy groups because technology is seen as violating one’s fundamental environment principles. The current debate lies on major questions about the relationship between Science and Technology and Purposeful Leisure. What could be its psychological and societal implications to an individual? Since we have the ability to make advancement, we had better think hard about the kind of life we want. Technology has tremendous power to do good if properly used. The issues are complex. The lesson of history is that whatever is possible will be tried somewhere by someone at some time but this is no excuse for sitting back. We need to decide based on principles that the whole community can support and understand. We individuals have a vital role to play. I would like to give my reaction on the Sample Essay no. entitled Leisure and Modern Age. It stated that the Modern Age has offered humanity various inventions and technology advancement which have made our lives so progressive. Well, I agree with that, as I observe the society, people were allure by the new inventions and creations. Eyes are staring at computer monitors, ears are suited with headphones, and hands are busy pressing buttons and body is movin g consistently. The next part is how these things failed to provide humanity with more quality leisure time. Since, we spend our time on improving our gaming skills than making ourselves healthy. We have loss our mind-set that we still need to take concentration on our wellness. Most illness were get due to lack of nutrients, this happened when we engaged our energy in unworthy things. And technology is one of that unworthy things that weakens our immune system. I can say that it is okay to find Leisure on Technologies, but it is not good to get addicted and forget the real essence of why these inventions were made. Since some of the creations were made to help people become more efficient and not to make people become dependent. Because some people were very dependent to these creations, they occupy their time just to improve on games, failing them to recall about more important things. They forget about wellness which is much needed that having an accomplished work at technologies’influence. â€Å"Use technology, but don’t let Technology use you. † I remember this words said by an American psychology Professor on Youtube. We are now living in a modern age bringing us various ways to make our life much easier than before, less money to spend with and less energy to deal with. Tiring days is not an issue no more, finding time to rest is stress-free. But how good is it to have this kind of lifestyle, where communication is fast as airwaves, where task can be quickly performed in just a short span of time. Does it take the pressure when someone’s in a hurry? What are the effects of Modern Age especially on how we find time to relax? There are several effects of technology in human health, environment, animals, plants and earth. Technology can affect our health in many ways with both short term and long term effects. The extent to which an individual is harmed by technology usually depends on the total exposure to the damaging contents. Short term includes irritation of eyes and sudden stroke of muscles. Long term health effects can include chronic respiratory disease and even damage to brain nerves. Another effect is that both plants and animals are harmed by pollution cause by some creations. All the effects mentioned above pose a warning of danger for all living things. Humans, as the most intelligent species on earth, are encouraged to be more aware on what they’re doing not just by themselves but also to other creatures. How to cite Technology and Modern Age, Essay examples

Issues & Challenges on Contemporary Management Free Solution

Question: Describe about carbon footprints of the aviation sector in UK and benefits for businesses in reducing carbon footprints. Answer: Introduction: Carbon footprints have been a topic for discussion for the climate change monitoring agencies all across the globe. The increasing use of vehicles has added to the carbon emission of the countries worldwide. After the advent of air transport, it has become of the most preferred mode of transport by people. In UK alone it is seen that there is an increase in the use of airlines as the most used mode of transport by the people of the country. Benefits provided by air transport have made the people to use it owing to added functionality and being the fastest means to travel. This alone has added to the pollutants emission as they are the major contributors in the carbon emission in UK. The CO2 emission in UK is accounted to around 6.3% in 2005 (Aef.org.uk. 2016). As the number of air transports have increased since 2005 it has added to the CO2 emission in the country. Thus the companies dealing in the aviation business has to focus its attention on developing and manufacturing flights that emit lesser carbon dioxide. It is necessary for the companies to reduce the carbon footprints as it has been a major environmental issue in the world. Carbon Footprints in UK Stettler et al. (2013, p.10398) opined that carbon footprints can be defined as the amount of greenhouse gases that are emitted in undertaking various activities. As carbon dioxide is one of the major constituents of the green house gases it is used to determine the amount of gases emitted in undertaking an activity. It is seen that vehicles constitute most of the carbon emission in a country Harvey, Williams and Probert (2013, p.168). The increase in demand for vehicles grows across the countries that have in turn increased the carbon footprints in the countries. Air transport has been one of the most popular means of transport for people these days. Air transport has helped in the growth of business all across the world but in turn has affected the environment largely. Aviation industry is seen to contribute the larger amount of carbon footprints in UK in recent times (livestrong.com 2015). Various activities related to the aviation sector have added to the carbon emission in the countries. Flight alone is one of the major sources of green house gases that have degraded the environment in UK. In the years 2011 to 2012 it was seen that there was a rise in the carbon footprints by 2% in UK (Aef.org.uk. 2016). The supermarket sector is among the most motivated sector that has cut down its carbon emissions widely. Tesco is among the leaders in the retail sector that is looking to cut down its carbon emission by 2020 Lee, Seo and Sharma (2013, p.21) In UK companies like Tesco and Asda has taken up the initiative to cut down the carbon emission. They have motivated their suppliers to take up carbon reduction techniques to cut down the emissions jointly in the country. Taking up greener solutions have not just helped in reducing the carbon footprints in the country but has also helped the companies to have competitive advantage in the market (Aef.org.uk. 2016). Carbon footprints of the aviation sector in UK Nakamura, Kajikawa and Suzuki (2013) argued that aviation industry has recently attracted attention of many environment protection agencies as being of the major contributors of the carbon footprint of the country. Aviation industry has recently seen a rise in the demand that has further added to climate problems worldwide. UK is one of the major countries facing challenges from the aviation sector due to the carbon emission of the sector in the country Agarwal, (2012, p.114). In UK, aviation is the major sector that is seen to produce the highest amount of carbon into the air. Aviation industry is among the industry that uses a large amount of fuel for its functioning that emits huge amount of carbon into the environment. As the recent trends predict the emission on from aviation sector can go up to 25 % in 2050 (Aviationbenefits.org. 2016). UK is seen as one of the leaders in terms of carbon emission and thus poses a threat to the environment as a whole globally. Among the aviation sector the airline companies in UK are seen to be least energy efficient and major contributor of the carbon footprints in the country. Carbon is identified as one of the factor that has caused the global warming all across the globe. Thus it is needed for the companies in the aviation sector to cut down the emission. British Airways is pointed out as one of the companies that are least fuel efficient in the aviation sector in UK. They are seen to use older flights that are less energy efficient and add to the carbon emission to the atmosphere (Aviationbenefits.org. 2016). British airways and CO2 emission British Airways is among the largest airlines companies in the aviation sector in UK. In the recent reports it is identified as one of the major CO2 emitters in the country. As the aviation sector is among the major contributors it is the duty of the companies associated with the aviation sector to cut down its emission. It is seen that British Airways are still relying on the older aircrafts that were less fuel efficient and contributed largely to the carbon emission. The newer models are more fuel efficient and cause lesser pollution to the environment. As the demand of flights goes on increasing it is needed for the companies to cut down their CO2 emission that in turn can help them have a better competitive edge in the sector Baumeister and Onkila (2014, p.87). The companies can implement the cleaner strategies to cut down their cost as well as build reputation in the market. It is needed for the companies to adapt strategies that can reduce the carbon emission and help in becomi ng a greener company. It helps businesses to set examples and grow as market leaders by paving ways for competitors to follow the greener solution. In todays business environment where the buyers have become aware and are opting to choose the more environment friendly options over others. This has made it necessary for the companies to adapt environment friendly techniques that can help them build favorable image amidst its competitors as stated by (Steven and Merklein 2013, p.114).British Airways has planned to build a plant that can be used to convert the wastes generated by the people of London to jet fuels. This can further help the company in reducing its carbon emission that can help the company to have competitive advantage in the aviation sector (Britishairways.com 2016). Effects of the carbon footprints According to Wu, Qian and Li (2014, p.25) aviation industry is seen as one of the alarming reason for the carbon emission that is affecting the environment of the world as a whole. The aviation sector is responsible for the majority of the greenhouse gases emitted to the environment. Aviation sector is seen to contribute around 2 % to the overall carbon emission. The effects of carbon emission can be harmful for the environment and thus pose a threat to the humans due to increasing number of sources responsible for the emission Malina et al. (2012, p.38). Carbon emission can be of great threat to the environment due to its nature of affecting the climate change and other environmental factors. Greenhouse gases are the major cause for the rising temperature and climatic change that is affecting the world as a whole. Aviation sector does not only releases carbon dioxides but other gases too that if emitted on higher altitude can cause many environmental problems. The rise in temperature in the world has been a major effect of the greenhouse gases that has affected the environment overall. The increase in the temperature has many adverse affect on the environment. This has been an issue that is focused by the aviation industries so as to minimize the carbon emission in the environment. It is also seen that the carbon footprints is responsible for the depletion of resources for the businesses Hari, Yaakob and Binitha (2015, p.1235). Using the sources that emit lesser pollutants can help in gaining competitive advantage over the other companies in the market (Nair and Paulose 2014, p.180). Benefits for businesses in reducing carbon footprints Appeal to investors: investors are willing to invest their money in businesses that are more concerned about reducing their carbon footprints. This would help the firms to establish themselves as business leaders who are responsible towards their environment. It is seen that customers today are choosing businesses that are more environment friendly over the ones neglecting the issue Coles, Fenclova and Dinan (2014, p.157). Companies like British Airways are developing ways to reduce their dependency on non renewable fuels. This would help the aviation businesses to have better control over their waste generation and thus reduce their carbon footprints in the environment. Build reputation: as the aviation business is getting competitive in the market it is necessary for the companies to build its reputation in the market to have a growth in business as opined by Tribe (2015, p.71). As the businesses are willing to invest more on reducing the waste generation aviation business are also required to induce the latest technologies to reduce its carbon footprints. Ethical consideration is necessary for the businesses to succeed in the business. It is thus necessary for companies like British Airways to implement the newer strategies that can help them reduce the carbon footprints of the company (Gssling, Scott and Hall 2015, p.207) Reduce cost: the newer fuels are seen more energy efficient and thus help the companies in reducing the cost of their fuel consumption. Thus aviation giants are looking to switch its dependency on the non renewable fuels to greener and renewable energy sources. It can help the businesses to have competitive advantage over the competitors by reducing the cost of services Cheung, Kragt and Burton (2015, p.105). It is needed for the companies to have options available for them to reduce their cost and provide for better services at lower prices. Many companies are seen to have cut down the cost of their services and tickets to appeal to larger market of audience. Reach wider markets: developing countries like India and China are growing markets for the aviation sector. The companies are looking forward to invest more in developing their strategies to reach wider market and grow their business. Many countries have introduced the carbon emission measuring standards. This makes the companies to adapt techniques that can comply with the terms of that particular country. Thus for companies looking to extend its market must make sure they have their emissions within the standard level permitted in the country (theguardian.com 2012). Conclusion: The aviation business is one of the sectors that are most responsible for environment depletion and carbon emission. Carbon emission has been one of the major causes for environment problems all across the globe. Every country is seen affected by the emissions from the aviation activities that are releasing carbon and other green house gases in the environment. It is seen that the gases that are emitted by flights at higher altitudes are the major reason for the climate change in the world. It is of urgent importance for the various companies in the aviation sector to implement newer techniques to have competitive advantage. It is advisable for the aviation companies to try to implement newer and improved technologies in their operations to reduce the carbon emission from the activities. Especially in UK where the big companies are seen to still depend on older flights that emit a lot more emission. The companies are required to pay more attention to conserve the environment they work in. It is of utmost importance as the consumers today are aware of environment problems and are seen to choose the companies that are more concerned towards protecting the environment. Reference list Aef.org.uk. 2016. Aviation Environment Federation Climate Change and Aviation. [online] Available at: https://www.aef.org.uk/issues/climate/ [Accessed 29 Mar. 2016]. Agarwal, R.K., 2012.Review of technologies to achieve sustainable (Green) aviation. INTECH Open Access Publisher. Aviationbenefits.org. 2016. Aviation and climate change : Aviation: Benefits Beyond Borders. [online] Available at: https://aviationbenefits.org/environmental-efficiency/aviation-and-climate-change/ [Accessed 29 Mar. 2016]. Baumeister, S. Onkila, T., 2014. Shaping the Industry with a New Standard: Environmental Labels in the Aviation Industry. Britishairways.com. 2016. Book Flights, Holidays Check In Online | British Airways. [online] Available at: https://www.britishairways.com/travel/home/public/en_in [Accessed 29 Mar. 2016]. theguardian.com 2012. British Airways, climate change and a load of rubbish | Damian Carrington. [online] the Guardian. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/environment/damian-carrington-blog/2012/mar/16/aviation-biofuel-british-airways-carbon [Accessed 29 Mar. 2016]. Cheung, J., Kragt, M. Burton, M., 2015. The awareness and willingness of air travellers to pay for voluntary carbon offsets and their co-benefits.Working Paper, School of Agricultural and Resource Economics, University of Western Australia, (1505). Coles, T., Fenclova, E. Dinan, C., 2014. Corporate social responsibility reporting among Gssling, S., Scott, D. Hall, C.M., 2015. Inter-market variability in CO 2 emission-intensities in tourism: Implications for destination marketing and carbon management.Tourism Management,46, pp.203-212. Hari, T.K., Yaakob, Z. Binitha, N.N., 2015. Aviation biofuel from renewable resources: routes, opportunities and challenges.Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,42, pp.1234-1244. Harvey, G., Williams, K. Probert, J., 2013. Greening the airline pilot: HRM and the green performance of airlines in the UK.The International Journal of Human Resource Management,24(1), pp.152-166. livestrong.com 2015. Effects of Carbon Footprint | LIVESTRONG.COM. [online] LIVESTRONG.COM. Available at: https://www.livestrong.com/article/155968-effects-of-carbon-footprint/ [Accessed 29 Mar. 2016]. Lee, S., Seo, K. Sharma, A., 2013. Corporate social responsibility and firm performance in the airline industry: The moderating role of oil prices.Tourism Management,38, pp.20-30. Malina, R., McConnachie, D., Winchester, N., Wollersheim, C., Paltsev, S. Waitz, I.A., 2012. The impact of the European Union emissions trading scheme on US aviation.Journal of Air Transport Management,19, pp.36-41. Nair, S. Paulose, H., 2014. Emergence of green business models: the case of algae biofuel for aviation.Energy Policy,65, pp.175-184. Nakamura, H., Kajikawa, Y. Suzuki, S., 2013. Multi-level perspectives with technology readiness measures for aviation innovation.Sustainability science,8(1), pp.87-101. Stettler, M.E., Boies, A.M., Petzold, A. Barrett, S.R., 2013. Global civil aviation black carbon emissions.Environmental science technology,47(18), pp.10397-10404. Steven, M. Merklein, T., 2013. The influence of strategic airline alliances in passenger transportation on carbon intensity.Journal of Cleaner Production,56, pp.112-120. Tribe, J., 2015.The economics of recreation, leisure and tourism. Routledge. Wu, L., Qian, H. Li, J., 2014. Advancing the experiment to reality: Perspectives on Shanghai pilot carbon emissions trading scheme.Energy Policy,75, pp.22-30.